Operator in C Language
An operator is a symbol which operates on a variable or value. There are types of operators like arithmetic, logical, conditional, relational, bitwise, assignment operators etc. Some special types of operators are also present in C like sizeof(), Pointer operator, Reference operator etc.
There are Three types of Operator :
- Unary Operators
- Binary Operators
- Ternary Operators
Unary Operators
- increment(++)
- decrement(--)
- sizeof()
increment
It is used to increment the value of the variable by 1.
The increment can be done in two ways:
1.prefix increment
In this method, the operator preceeds the operand (e.g.,++a). The value of operand will be altered before it is used.
int a = 1;
int b = ++a; //b=2
2.postfix increment
In this method, the operator follows the operand (e.g.,a++). The value of operand will be altered after it is used.
int a = 1;
int b = a++; // b = 1
int c = a; // c = 2
Decrement
It is used to decrement the value of the variable by 1.
The decrement can be done in two ways:
1.prefix decrement
In this method, the operator preceeds the operand (e.g.,--a). The value of operand will be altered before it is used.
int a = 1;
int b = --a; //b=0
2.postfix decrement
In this method, the operator follows the operand (e.g.,a--). The value of operand will be altered after it is used.
int a = 1;
int b = a--; // b = 1
int c = a; // c = 0
sizeof()
This operator returns the size of its operand, in bytes. the sizeof operator always precedes its operand. the operand is an expression, or it may be a cast.
#include< stdio.h >
void main()
{
float n = 0;
printf("Size of n = ",sizeof(n););
}
Output:
Binary Operators
- Arithmatic Operator
- Relational Operator
- logical Operator
- Bitwise Operator
Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are the operators used to perform the arithmetic operation like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo operation.
| Symbol |
Meaning |
Example |
| + |
Addition |
a=12 and b=12 then a+b=24 |
| - |
Subtraction |
a=12 and b=10 then a-b=2 |
| * |
Multiplication |
a=5 and b=5 then a*b=25 |
| / |
Division |
a=12 and b=3 then a/b=4 |
% |
Modulo |
a=23and b=10 then a%b=3 |
Relational Operators
These operators are very helpful for making decisions. Depending upon the condition, it returns either 0 or 1. When the condition with these operators is true, 1 is returned. If the condition is false. it returns 0.
| Symbol |
Meaning |
Example |
| >= |
Greater than or equal To |
a=12 and b=14 then a>=b give false(0) |
| <= |
less than or equal To |
a=10 and b=10 then a<=b give true(1) |
| == |
equal To |
a=5 and b=5 then a==b give true(1) |
| != |
not equal To |
a=12 and b=13 then a!=b give true(1) |
Logical Operators
These operators are generally used along with relation operators.Like relational operators,output of these operators is either True(1) or false (0).
| Symbol |
Meaning |
Example |
| && |
Logical AND |
(2>3 && 4>3) Evaluates to false && true Which then evaluates to False(0). |
| || |
Loical OR |
(2>3 || 4>3) Evaluates to false || true Which then evaluates to False(1). |
| ! |
Logcal NOT |
! (2>3) Evaluates to !(false) Which then evaluates to True(1). |
Bitwise Operators
The bitwise operators are the bit manipulation operators. They can manipulate individual bits.
| Symbol |
Meaning |
Example |
| ~ |
Bitwise Complement |
if a=01011 then ~a gives 10100 |
| & |
Bitwise AND |
if a=1001 and b=1111 then a&b gives 1001 |
| | |
Bitwise OR |
if a=1001 and b=1111 then a|b gives 1111/td>
|
| ^ |
Bitwise XOR |
if a=1001 and b=1111 then a^b gives 0110 |
Ternary Operators
?:
The ternary operators is an operators that takes three arguments. The first argument is a comparison argument, the second is the result upon a true comprison, and the third is the result upon a false comparison.it is also called as Conditional operator.
Syntax
expression-1 ? expression-2 : expression-3
Example
a>b ? printf("A is less"); : printf("b is less");